Cosmology

Physics and Cosmology
seen from an other angle
(astrophysics and thermodynamics)

part of the Alternative Site

 Physics
Btw, did you know that heat actually can flow spontaneously from a colder to a warmer region? Your body knows it! Read here how, or go to the tropics, to experience it your self...

Since the days of Galilei, through Newton and onwards to-day, the subject of inertia has always been viewed in terms of (accelerated) motion. In doing so, confusion arose, and still arises, whether or not there is an absolute frame of reference, relative to which inertial motions are defined.The Origin of Inertia .... the end of Mach's Principle.
Gravity is no 'force' and there is no heavy and inert mass. Yet, scientists are still looking for the difference...in vain. You can move a table by pushing against it. Though it pushes back with the same force (Newton's third law), it cannot move you; this is what Science missed to draw the according conclusions of. (click image for more)

The fly says that the blades of a rotating propeller move very slowly, while passing unharmed through the spaces between them. The man says that the blades are moving very fast so they constitute a solid disk. If you were just a mind without a body, what would you say?3D Time-Frame Cosmology ... three dimensional time.
Gravity is definitely an entropy decreasing 'force'. The 'flow of time' seems to be the universal entropy increasing 'force'. Today's science fails to explain the connection because it doesn't accept physical principles beyond experimental observation (except for Newton's Third Law - nobody ever could measure-detect  action and reaction forces separately - only one force is measured...which one?). Read about the unobservable universe that is hidden behind the illusion of the observable universe, created by our senses, in conjunction with the finite speed of light. (click image for more)

Inconsistencies with Special Relativity
There is an inconsistency, strongly related to Newton's 'absolute rotation', with the basic postulate of Special Relativity, saying that all inertial systems can be considered to be at rest, which implies that all motion is relative. There is an inconsistency between Newton's absolute rotation and the basic postulate of Special Relativity, that all motions are relative. Although largely confirmed by observations, these observations themselves are not confirmed to reflect the 'real' world.   Read more

Quantized time: the final prove of a shortest, indivisible time-interval.
Our physical laws are not defined for intervals shorter than 10 -43 seconds, known as the Planck time.
It likely is the duration of a time-quant

Alternating compression and expansion between two steady end-point states. In the fully reversible case the process would follow a straight line between (1) and (2) at ZERO NET-WORK! Practical irreversibilities cause curved paths, enclosing the according required net-work.The Compex Cycle . . . the end of the Carnot Rule

(click image for more)
The Second Law of Thermodynamics is an purely observational one, not derived from any physical theory. Hence, if the observations would change, the Second Law has to change as well. There is a logarithmic relationship between change of entropy and the probability for it (Boltzmann's eqv.). In consequence, if  a probability for it is created,
heat could flow spontaneously from a colder to a warmer reservoir!.

What is Entropy? Actually, there is no general agreement among scientists about what entropy really is. Click here to get an idea.... As Featured On Ezine ArticlesEntropy - the relationship between effort and result (the probability of spontaneity)
In my view it is not a thermodynamic dimension of a system, such as internal energy is, yet perceived as such (especially by chemists). That entropy is not "real", is shown mot significantly by the difference of behavior between real and ideal gases at free expansion (Joule-Thomson effect).
So, what is entropy ?                                        

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